The SGID bit is the same as of SUID, only the case is that it runs with the permission of the group. Another use is it can be set on folders,making files or folders created inside the SGID set folder to have a common group ownership.
Note : Making SUID and SGID programs completely safe is very difficult (or maybe impossible) thus in case you are a system administrator it is best to consult some professionals before giving access rights to root owned applications by setting the SUID bit. As a home user (where you are both the normal user and the superuser) the SUID bit helps you do a lot of things easily without having to log in as the superuser every now and then
Setting SUID bits on the file:
Suppose I got the executable called "killprocess" and I need to set the suid bit on this file, go to command prompt and issue command: chmod u+s killprocess
Now check permission on the file with command ls -l killprocess, observe "s" that has been added for suid bit
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 6 Jun 7 12:16 killprocess
Setting GUID bits on the file:
go to command prompt and issue command: chmod g+s killprocess
This will set the GUID bit on the same file, check the permission on this file using command: ls -l killprocess
-rwsr-sr-x 1 root root 6 Jun 7 12:16 killprocess
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